Damaged wind turbines have become important clue in solving a tornado's strength

A tornado is a violent, rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground. It forms when warm, moist air collides with cool, dry air, creating instability and wind shear. Tornadoes can cause devastating damage, uprooting trees, destroying buildings, and hurling debris at high speeds. They vary in intensity, measured by the Enhanced Fujita (EF) scale, ranging from EF0 to EF5. Tornadoes are most common in regions like Tornado Alley in the United States but can occur worldwide.